Improvement in pelted tufted fabrics



www ggmmwmsw WWK JOHN T. WARiNG, or YoN'KERs, NEW YORK Letters PatentNo. 84,325, dated November 24, 1868. *i

IMPROVEMENT INFELTED TUFTED FABRICS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame.

To all whom lit may concern `consists in a new and improved tuftedfabric, wherein the tufts of yarn or rovings are introduced into a backof previously-1uanufactured woven or felt cloth, through perfor-ationsin the cloth, and secured therein by felting, substantially ashereinafter described.

The materials of which the back and-tufts are composed depend upon theuses for which the fabric is designed. For ladies cloakings, trimmings,and similar uses, the back may be of a light felt cloth, flannel,

orother Warm cloth, wholly or partly composed of,

Wool, or other felting-materials, or any Warm fabric of cotton or othmaterial, and the tufts should be of Wool, or wor ed, or mixturesthereof, with cotton, silk, or other fibres, either in yarns or rovings.

For carpets, rugs, audsimilar uses, the back may be of heavy,coarsely-woven cloth, of hemp, iiax, jute, manilla, or of wool woven orfelted, when cheapness of production is not an object, and the tufts maybe of heavyyarns or rovings of wool or worsted, or mixtures thereof withother fibrous materials.

When the tuftsrare suciently close together in the fabric, they maybesecured therein by felting' the parts together that project through theback of the fabric; but I prefer in all cases to place upon the back ofthe fabric, after the tufts have been introduced therein, a sliver orthin bat of wool, and felt it to the tufts, and also to the'ba'ck ofthefabric, when the latter is composed of felting-materials.

The object of the felting is to prevent'the tufts from being pulled outof the fabric, and therefore it will be obvious that either the back ofthe fabric, or the tufts, or both, must have suicient felting-propertiesto unite with the thin bat or sliver,l or with each other, by theprocess of felting, in order to keep the tufts in place in the fabric. y

In carrying on my new manufacture, I use a jiggering-machine, such as isused by hatters in hardening and felting wool-hat bodies, with theaddition of a series of `perforated boards or plates, which I havecalled tuft-holders in a contemporaneous specification of Letters Patentfor improvements in the manufacture of felted fabrics, and machineryused therein, said "tuftholders, in connection with thejiggeriug-machine, forming a part of the subject-matter of said patent.p

I also use tufting-needles in combination with the tuftholders,7 some ofwhich are of my own invention.

But, more particularly to describe my invention, I- \vill refer to theaccompanying drawings, which illustrate the fabric, process ofmanufacture, and machinery used therein.

Figure l is a plan view of the jiggering-machine, with the tuft-holders.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same.

Figure 3 is a plan View of the fabric, with tufts of yarns, looped,suitable for ladies cloakings, trimmings, 87e. y

Figure 4 is a plan View ofthe fabric,with tufts of rovings, eut, forladies cloakings, trimmings, &c. A portion of this figure is broken toshow in layers the construction of the fabric.

Figure 5 is a plan view of the fabric, made with heavy tufts of rovings,cut, and a heavy coarse back of woven cloth, intended for carpets, rugs,Ste. Aportion of this gure is 'also broken to show the construction ofthe fabric. l

Figure 6 is a broken section, showing themodel of preparing the fabricwith a light cloth back and tufts of rovings, suitable for cloakings.

- Figure 7 is a b roken section, showing the mode of preparing thefabric with the coarse-woven hemp back, and heavy tufts of rovings, cnt,suitable for carpets, rugs, tc.

Figure 8 is a broken section, showing the mode of preparing the fabricwith tufts of yarn, suitable for cloakings. Y

Figure 94 is a view of a flateye-pointed tuftiug-needle, used inintroducing the tufts into the fabricand tuft-holders.

Figure l0 is avilew of atubular eye-pointed tuftingneedle, also used inintroducing the tufts into the fabric and tuft-holders.

Figure 1l is a View of a tubular punch or cuttinginstrument, used as atufting-needle, for perforating the fabric and introducing the tufts.

Figure 12 isa broken section, showing the use of the tubulartufting-needle in preparing the fabric.

The jiggering-machine consists of ajflat table, a, in

the middle of which isa steam-box, b, having a pervforated top plateabout level with the top surface of the table, as usual, and is alsoprovided with the ordinary jiggering-board b, held down by the vibrating4standard b2, pivoted in the 'cross-frame b3,and a crankshaft, b4, andconnecting-rod., b5, by means of which a very short and exceedinglyrapid motion is given to .i

the jigger-board. Upon the face of the table are placed two rebatedslides,c c', opposite to and parallel with each other, and littedthereto is a series of perforated boards or plates, d d d, which I calltuftholders, theiroic'e being to sustain the fabric, and hold andprotect the tufts from being felted, during the operating of felting'upon the back of the fabric. The tuft-holders are of the Width requiredfor the desired fabric, and the perforations e must be of the rcquiredsize to hold the tufts, and in number and order -of arrangementcorrespond with the required number and order of arrangement ofthe tuftsupon the fabric, and the tuft-holders being made to match each other infigure, a continuous fabric may be made by preparing the fabric at oneside of the jigger-board on the series of tuft-holders, an'd pushingthem forward, step by step, tion is completed in that part of the fabricsubject to the action of the steam-box and jigger-board.'

The pinching-screw e may be used to hold the tuff holders in place whileunder the jigger-board. The perforations in the tuft-holders permit thesteani to pass by the tufts held in them,upwards to the fabric,

p but the steam-box may, if desired, be placed in the jigger-boarditself, having its perforated side downwards, exposed .to the back ofthe fabric.

I prepare the fabric for the lfelting-process by laying the cloth, whichis to form the back ofthe fabric, upon the tufting-boards ortuft-holders in such manner that it can be fed continuously through themachine; then, with a tuting-needle, perforate the cloth and introducethe tufts into and through the cloth, in loops, which are received andheld by the holes in the tuftholders. y

rllhis operation, Which is like introducing loops of thread in cloth bya sewing-machine, is shown in fig. 12, which represents a portion of atuft|-l1older,d,with its holes, e, supporting the back of the fabric,j', while the tufts of rovings, g, the tubular needle It. It will beobserved that a portion of the roving or yarn, used in forming thetufts, lies on the back of the fabric, on the reverse side from thetufts, in form like sewing-maohine stitches, and if close enoughtogether to furnish. sufficient material,

under'the jigger-board, as the telting-operaare placed therein by meansof may be felted together on that side of the fabric, while the tuftsthemselves are protected from being felted bythe tutt-holders. But Iprefer to cover the reverse side of the fabric with a sliver or thin batof Wool after the tufts are put in, and tol lay upon the whole a linencloth, called a hardening-cloth in ielting-operatidns, beforebringingthe prepared, fabric under the jiggerboard. The linenhardening-cloth may be continuous, the same as the fabric, ofthe lengthrequired.

The broken sections, figs. (i, 7, and S, show the tuftholder (l, theback of the fabric f, the tufts'cf yarns or rorings y, the sliver orthin bat of wool or other suitable felting-niaterial i, thehardening-cloth j, and the jigger-board b. v.

rlhe tubular tnfting-needle niayhave a solid point, like that shown intig'. 10, or a sharp gouge-point, like that shown in l1 and 12. Thesolid point is best for forcing through coarselywoven heavy fabrics, andthe concave or gouge-point is better for cutting through closely-wovenfabrics. The at eye-pointed tuftingneedle takes up less rooni in theholes of the tuftholders, but is more suitable for yarns than rovings.

, I claim as of in v invention- The new and improved manufacture oftufted fabrics, consisting ef tufts secured in a previously-manufacturedback of felt or woven'cloth by the process of felting, substantially ashereinbefbre described.

' Also, the hitting-needles, or either of them, in combination with theruft-holders.

Witnesses:

F. G. TREADWELL, Jr., WILLIAM MCINTYRE.

JOHN T. VVARING.

